AWS는 AWS Graviton5 프로세서 기반의 Amazon EC2 R9g 및 R9gd 인스턴스의 일반 출시를 발표했습니다.

September 1, 2026 — AWS announced the general availability of Amazon EC2 R9g and R9gd instances, powered by AWS Graviton5 processors. The memory-optimized R9g instances deliver up to 25% better compute performance than Graviton4-based R8g instances, leveraging what AWS describes as its most energy-efficient processor to date.

R9g instances are optimized for memory-intensive workloads, including databases, in-memory caches (Valkey, Redis, MemCached), and real-time big data analytics. They also support Linux-based environments, containerized and microservices applications (such as Kubernetes, Docker, EKS, and ECS), and software developed in widely used programming languages including C/C++, Rust, Go, Java, Python, .NET Core, Node.js, Ruby, and PHP.

The R9gd variant adds local NVMe-based SSD block storage, making it ideal for memory-intensive workloads that demand fast, low-latency local storage. These use cases include open-source databases, distributed real-time big data analytics, large in-memory databases, and extensive caching operations. Relative to the R8g generation, R9g instances provide greater performance per vCPU through faster memory, increased network and Amazon EBS bandwidth, and a larger L3 cache, all while consuming less power.

**Hardware Advancements**

The Graviton5 processor introduces several hardware improvements over Graviton4:

• Up to 25% higher compute performance per vCPU

• DDR5 8800 MT/s memory (increased from 5600 MT/s in Graviton4), representing the fastest cloud memory currently available

• An L3 cache five times larger to improve data locality

• Up to 2x higher network and EBS bandwidth on the largest instance sizes (reaching 100 Gbps for networking and 72 Gbps for EBS on the 48xlarge configuration)

• Up to 3x higher packet-processing performance

Both R9g and R9gd instances support Instance Bandwidth Configuration (IBC), allowing users to shift bandwidth allocation between Amazon EBS and Amazon VPC networking in 25% increments. This flexibility enables performance optimization for workloads with distinct bandwidth demands, such as databases and caching systems.

All R9g and R9gd instances operate on the AWS Nitro System, which offloads virtualization, storage, and networking tasks to dedicated hardware. This architecture delivers near–bare-metal performance while maintaining robust security isolation between instances.

Building on enhancements first introduced with the C9g and M9g instances earlier this year, both new instance families incorporate the Nitro Isolation Engine (NIE). This purpose-built component enforces strict isolation between virtual machines by mediating all access to VM memory, CPU register states, and I/O devices through a minimal API surface. By leveraging formal verification, the NIE provides mathematically precise assurances of isolation.

Formal verification is a rigorous methodology used to mathematically prove that hardware or software behaves exactly as intended across all scenarios, rather than relying solely on discrete test cases. This approach establishes the Nitro System as the first formally verified cloud hypervisor, setting a new benchmark for mathematically proven cloud security. Additional details on the Nitro Isolation Engine are available in the accompanying blog post, while the technical white paper outlines the full scope, assumptions, and results of the formal verification process.

**Pricing and Availability**

Amazon EC2 R9g and R9gd instances are now available in the US East (N. Virginia, Ohio), US West (Oregon), and Europe (Frankfurt) Regions. Customers can procure these instances via Savings Plans, On-Demand, Spot Instances, Dedicated Instances, or Dedicated Hosts. Detailed pricing information is available on the Amazon EC2 pricing page. To begin deployment, launch R9g instances directly from the Amazon EC2 console, and refer to the Amazon EC2 R9g instances page for comprehensive documentation.

**About Amazon Web Services**

Amazon Web Services (AWS) operates under principles of customer obsession, rapid innovation, operational excellence, and long-term strategic thinking. Over nearly two decades, AWS has democratized technology, making cloud computing and generative AI accessible to organizations across all industries and sizes. This commitment has established AWS as one of the fastest-growing enterprise technology businesses in history. Today, millions of customers rely on AWS to accelerate innovation, transform operations, and shape the future. Backed by the industry’s most comprehensive AI capabilities and global infrastructure footprint, AWS empowers developers and enterprises to turn ambitious concepts into reality.